Anti - Angiogenic Activity of 4-Chromanol (C9H10O2) in Ex Vivo and in Vivo Animal’s Study

Abstract

Background: Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in wound healing, involving the formation of new blood vessels from existing ones, through the invasion of the wound clot and the creation of a microvascular network in the granulation tissue. This process is primarily regulated by signals from the serum and the extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. Objective: This research aims to assess the potential antiangiogenic activity of 4-chromanol. Materials and Methods: Male albino rats were used in the study. 4-chromanol was prepared by dissolving it in DMSO. The antiangiogenic effect of 4-chromanol was evaluated using ex vivo rat aorta ring assays and in vivo Chorio Allantoic Membrane (CAM) assays. The inhibition of blood vessel growth by 4-chromanol was assessed, and the inhibition zone was measured as the Mean Inhibition Region (mm ± SD). Cell viability and proliferation were determined using the MTT assay, and the data were statistically analyzed. Additionally, 4-chromanol was tested for its effect on vascular endothelial growth factor gene expression. Results: The data showed significant inhibition of blood vessel growth by 4-chromanol compared to the negative control (received DMSO 1%). 4-chromanol exhibited potent inhibition of blood vessel growth compared to the negative control. Conclusion: The study results suggest that chloroform and methanol extracts of phoenix dactylifera seeds displayed significant antiangiogenic activity. Notably, 4-chromanol exhibited the most significant antiangiogenic activity in both rat and CAM assays.